质押

获取当前验证器

我们可以质押 SOL 并通过帮助保护网络来获得奖励。要进行质押，我们将 SOL 委托给验证器，而验证器则处理交易。

import { clusterApiUrl, Connection } from "@solana/web3.js";

(async () => {
  const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");

  // Get all validators, categorized by current (i.e. active) and deliquent (i.e. inactive)
  const { current, delinquent } = await connection.getVoteAccounts();
  console.log("current validators: ", current);
  console.log("all validators: ", current.concat(delinquent));
})();

solana validators

创建质押账户

所有的质押指令由质押程序 (Stake Program)open in new window 处理。首先，我们创建一个质押账户open in new window，该账户与标准系统账户创建和管理方式不同。特别是，我们需要设置账户的Stake Authority和Withdrawal Authority。

Press </> button to view full source

import {
  clusterApiUrl,
  Connection,
  Keypair,
  LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
  StakeProgram,
  Authorized,
  sendAndConfirmTransaction,
  Lockup,
} from "@solana/web3.js";

(async () => {
  // Setup our connection and wallet
  const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
  const wallet = Keypair.generate();

  // Fund our wallet with 1 SOL
  const airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
    wallet.publicKey,
    LAMPORTS_PER_SOL
  );
  await connection.confirmTransaction(airdropSignature);

  // Create a keypair for our stake account
  const stakeAccount = Keypair.generate();

  // Calculate how much we want to stake
  const minimumRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
    StakeProgram.space
  );
  const amountUserWantsToStake = LAMPORTS_PER_SOL / 2; // This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL
  const amountToStake = minimumRent + amountUserWantsToStake;

  // Setup a transaction to create our stake account
  // Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s
  const createStakeAccountTx = StakeProgram.createAccount({
    authorized: new Authorized(wallet.publicKey, wallet.publicKey), // Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.
    fromPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    lamports: amountToStake,
    lockup: new Lockup(0, 0, wallet.publicKey), // Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  });

  const createStakeAccountTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
    connection,
    createStakeAccountTx,
    [
      wallet,
      stakeAccount, // Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well
    ]
  );
  console.log(`Stake account created. Tx Id: ${createStakeAccountTxId}`);

  // Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.
  let stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account balance: ${stakeBalance / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL`);

  // Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.
  let stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);
})();

// Setup a transaction to create our stake account
// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s
const createStakeAccountTx = StakeProgram.createAccount({
  authorized: new Authorized(wallet.publicKey, wallet.publicKey), // Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.
  fromPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
  lamports: amountToStake,
  lockup: new Lockup(0, 0, wallet.publicKey), // Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
});

const createStakeAccountTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
  connection,
  createStakeAccountTx,
  [
    wallet,
    stakeAccount, // Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well
  ]
);
console.log(`Stake account created. Tx Id: ${createStakeAccountTxId}`);

// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.
let stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
console.log(`Stake account balance: ${stakeBalance / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL`);

// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.
let stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

委托质押

一旦质押账户得到资金支持，Stake Authority可以将其委托给一个验证者。每个质押账户一次只能委托给一个验证者。此外，账户中的所有代币必须要么被委托，要么取消委托。一旦委托成功，质押账户需要经过几个时期才能变为活跃状态。

Press </> button to view full source

import {
  clusterApiUrl,
  Connection,
  Keypair,
  LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
  StakeProgram,
  Authorized,
  sendAndConfirmTransaction,
  Lockup,
  PublicKey,
} from "@solana/web3.js";

(async () => {
  // Setup our connection and wallet
  const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
  const wallet = Keypair.generate();

  // Fund our wallet with 1 SOL
  const airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
    wallet.publicKey,
    LAMPORTS_PER_SOL
  );
  await connection.confirmTransaction(airdropSignature);

  // Create a keypair for our stake account
  const stakeAccount = Keypair.generate();

  // Calculate how much we want to stake
  const minimumRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
    StakeProgram.space
  );
  const amountUserWantsToStake = LAMPORTS_PER_SOL / 2; // This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL
  const amountToStake = minimumRent + amountUserWantsToStake;

  // Setup a transaction to create our stake account
  // Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s
  const createStakeAccountTx = StakeProgram.createAccount({
    authorized: new Authorized(wallet.publicKey, wallet.publicKey), // Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.
    fromPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    lamports: amountToStake,
    lockup: new Lockup(0, 0, wallet.publicKey), // Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  });

  const createStakeAccountTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
    connection,
    createStakeAccountTx,
    [
      wallet,
      stakeAccount, // Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well
    ]
  );
  console.log(`Stake account created. Tx Id: ${createStakeAccountTxId}`);

  // Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.
  let stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account balance: ${stakeBalance / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL`);

  // Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.
  let stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

  // To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.
  const validators = await connection.getVoteAccounts();
  const selectedValidator = validators.current[0];
  const selectedValidatorPubkey = new PublicKey(selectedValidator.votePubkey);

  // With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.
  const delegateTx = StakeProgram.delegate({
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    votePubkey: selectedValidatorPubkey,
  });

  const delegateTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, delegateTx, [
    wallet,
  ]);
  console.log(
    `Stake account delegated to ${selectedValidatorPubkey}. Tx Id: ${delegateTxId}`
  );

  // Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.
  stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);
})();

// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.
const delegateTx = StakeProgram.delegate({
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
  votePubkey: selectedValidatorPubkey,
});

const delegateTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, delegateTx, [
  wallet,
]);
console.log(
  `Stake account delegated to ${selectedValidatorPubkey}. Tx Id: ${delegateTxId}`
);

// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.
stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

通过验证器获取委托人

多个账户可能已经质押给了特定的验证账户。为了获取所有的质押人，我们可以使用 getProgramAccounts 或 getParsedProgramAccounts API。请参考指南部分获取更多信息。质押账户长度为200字节，选民公钥从第124字节开始。参考资料open in new window。

Press </> button to view full source

import { clusterApiUrl, Connection, PublicKey } from "@solana/web3.js";

(async () => {
  const STAKE_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey(
    "Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"
  );
  const VOTE_PUB_KEY = "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x";

  const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("mainnet-beta"), "confirmed");
  const accounts = await connection.getParsedProgramAccounts(STAKE_PROGRAM_ID, {
    filters: [
      {
        dataSize: 200, // number of bytes
      },
      {
        memcmp: {
          offset: 124, // number of bytes
          bytes: VOTE_PUB_KEY, // base58 encoded string
        },
      },
    ],
  });

  console.log(`Accounts for program ${STAKE_PROGRAM_ID}: `);
  console.log(
    `Total number of delegators found for ${VOTE_PUB_KEY} is: ${accounts.length}`
  );
  if (accounts.length)
    console.log(`Sample delegator:`, JSON.stringify(accounts[0]));

  /*
  // Output

    Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111: 
    Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184
    Sample delegator: 
    {
      "account": {
        "data": {
          "parsed": {
            "info": {
              "meta": {
                "authorized": {
                  "staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",
                  "withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"
                },
                "lockup": {
                  "custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",
                  "epoch": 0,
                  "unixTimestamp": 1822867200
                },
                "rentExemptReserve": "2282880"
              },
              "stake": {
                "creditsObserved": 58685367,
                "delegation": {
                  "activationEpoch": "208",
                  "deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",
                  "stake": "433005300621",
                  "voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",
                  "warmupCooldownRate": 0.25
                }
              }
            },
            "type": "delegated"
          },
          "program": "stake",
          "space": 200
        },
        "executable": false,
        "lamports": 433012149261,
        "owner": {
          "_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"
        },
        "rentEpoch": 264
      },
      "pubkey": {
        "_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"
      }
    }

  */
})();

const STAKE_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey(
  "Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"
);
const VOTE_PUB_KEY = "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x";

const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("mainnet-beta"), "confirmed");
const accounts = await connection.getParsedProgramAccounts(STAKE_PROGRAM_ID, {
  filters: [
    {
      dataSize: 200, // number of bytes
    },
    {
      memcmp: {
        offset: 124, // number of bytes
        bytes: VOTE_PUB_KEY, // base58 encoded string
      },
    },
  ],
});

console.log(`Accounts for program ${STAKE_PROGRAM_ID}: `);
console.log(
  `Total number of delegators found for ${VOTE_PUB_KEY} is: ${accounts.length}`
);
if (accounts.length)
  console.log(`Sample delegator:`, JSON.stringify(accounts[0]));

/*
// Output

  Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111: 
  Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184
  Sample delegator: 
  {
    "account": {
      "data": {
        "parsed": {
          "info": {
            "meta": {
              "authorized": {
                "staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",
                "withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"
              },
              "lockup": {
                "custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",
                "epoch": 0,
                "unixTimestamp": 1822867200
              },
              "rentExemptReserve": "2282880"
            },
            "stake": {
              "creditsObserved": 58685367,
              "delegation": {
                "activationEpoch": "208",
                "deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",
                "stake": "433005300621",
                "voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",
                "warmupCooldownRate": 0.25
              }
            }
          },
          "type": "delegated"
        },
        "program": "stake",
        "space": 200
      },
      "executable": false,
      "lamports": 433012149261,
      "owner": {
        "_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"
      },
      "rentEpoch": 264
    },
    "pubkey": {
      "_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"
    }
  }
  
*/

停用质押

在质押账户委托后的任何时候，Stake Authority可以选择停用该账户。停用过程可能需要多个时期才能完成，并且在提取任何 SOL 之前必须完成停用操作。

Press </> button to view full source

import {
  clusterApiUrl,
  Connection,
  Keypair,
  LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
  StakeProgram,
  Authorized,
  sendAndConfirmTransaction,
  Lockup,
  PublicKey,
} from "@solana/web3.js";

(async () => {
  // Setup our connection and wallet
  const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
  const wallet = Keypair.generate();

  // Fund our wallet with 1 SOL
  const airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
    wallet.publicKey,
    LAMPORTS_PER_SOL
  );
  await connection.confirmTransaction(airdropSignature);

  // Create a keypair for our stake account
  const stakeAccount = Keypair.generate();

  // Calculate how much we want to stake
  const minimumRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
    StakeProgram.space
  );
  const amountUserWantsToStake = LAMPORTS_PER_SOL / 2; // This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL
  const amountToStake = minimumRent + amountUserWantsToStake;

  // Setup a transaction to create our stake account
  // Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s
  const createStakeAccountTx = StakeProgram.createAccount({
    authorized: new Authorized(wallet.publicKey, wallet.publicKey), // Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.
    fromPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    lamports: amountToStake,
    lockup: new Lockup(0, 0, wallet.publicKey), // Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  });

  const createStakeAccountTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
    connection,
    createStakeAccountTx,
    [
      wallet,
      stakeAccount, // Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well
    ]
  );
  console.log(`Stake account created. Tx Id: ${createStakeAccountTxId}`);

  // Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.
  let stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account balance: ${stakeBalance / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL`);

  // Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.
  let stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

  // To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.
  const validators = await connection.getVoteAccounts();
  const selectedValidator = validators.current[0];
  const selectedValidatorPubkey = new PublicKey(selectedValidator.votePubkey);

  // With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.
  const delegateTx = StakeProgram.delegate({
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    votePubkey: selectedValidatorPubkey,
  });

  const delegateTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, delegateTx, [
    wallet,
  ]);
  console.log(
    `Stake account delegated to ${selectedValidatorPubkey}. Tx Id: ${delegateTxId}`
  );

  // Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.
  stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

  // At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.
  const deactivateTx = StakeProgram.deactivate({
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
  });
  const deactivateTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
    connection,
    deactivateTx,
    [wallet]
  );
  console.log(`Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: ${deactivateTxId}`);

  // Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.
  stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);
})();

// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.
const deactivateTx = StakeProgram.deactivate({
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
});
const deactivateTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
  connection,
  deactivateTx,
  [wallet]
);
console.log(`Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: ${deactivateTxId}`);

// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.
stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

提取质押

一旦停用了，Withdrawal Authority可以将 SOL 提取回系统账户。一旦质押账户不再委托并且余额为 0 SOL，它将被销毁了。

Press </> button to view full source

import {
  clusterApiUrl,
  Connection,
  Keypair,
  LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
  StakeProgram,
  Authorized,
  sendAndConfirmTransaction,
  Lockup,
  PublicKey,
} from "@solana/web3.js";

(async () => {
  // Setup our connection and wallet
  const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
  const wallet = Keypair.generate();

  // Fund our wallet with 1 SOL
  const airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
    wallet.publicKey,
    LAMPORTS_PER_SOL
  );
  await connection.confirmTransaction(airdropSignature);

  // Create a keypair for our stake account
  const stakeAccount = Keypair.generate();

  // Calculate how much we want to stake
  const minimumRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
    StakeProgram.space
  );
  const amountUserWantsToStake = LAMPORTS_PER_SOL / 2; // This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL
  const amountToStake = minimumRent + amountUserWantsToStake;

  // Setup a transaction to create our stake account
  // Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s
  const createStakeAccountTx = StakeProgram.createAccount({
    authorized: new Authorized(wallet.publicKey, wallet.publicKey), // Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.
    fromPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    lamports: amountToStake,
    lockup: new Lockup(0, 0, wallet.publicKey), // Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  });

  const createStakeAccountTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
    connection,
    createStakeAccountTx,
    [
      wallet,
      stakeAccount, // Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well
    ]
  );
  console.log(`Stake account created. Tx Id: ${createStakeAccountTxId}`);

  // Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.
  let stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account balance: ${stakeBalance / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL`);

  // Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.
  let stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

  // To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.
  const validators = await connection.getVoteAccounts();
  const selectedValidator = validators.current[0];
  const selectedValidatorPubkey = new PublicKey(selectedValidator.votePubkey);

  // With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.
  const delegateTx = StakeProgram.delegate({
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    votePubkey: selectedValidatorPubkey,
  });

  const delegateTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, delegateTx, [
    wallet,
  ]);
  console.log(
    `Stake account delegated to ${selectedValidatorPubkey}. Tx Id: ${delegateTxId}`
  );

  // Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.
  stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

  // At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.
  const deactivateTx = StakeProgram.deactivate({
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
  });
  const deactivateTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
    connection,
    deactivateTx,
    [wallet]
  );
  console.log(`Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: ${deactivateTxId}`);

  // Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.
  stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

  // Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet
  const withdrawTx = StakeProgram.withdraw({
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
    authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    toPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    lamports: stakeBalance, // Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction
  });

  const withdrawTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, withdrawTx, [
    wallet,
  ]);
  console.log(`Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: ${withdrawTxId}`);

  // Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0
  stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account balance: ${stakeBalance / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL`);
})();

// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet
const withdrawTx = StakeProgram.withdraw({
  stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  authorizedPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
  toPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
  lamports: stakeBalance, // Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction
});

const withdrawTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, withdrawTx, [
  wallet,
]);
console.log(`Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: ${withdrawTxId}`);

// Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0
stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
console.log(`Stake account balance: ${stakeBalance / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL`);

获取质押金额

一旦我们使用多个质押账户质押多个代币，我们可以获取与我们的特定钱包相关的质押金额。为此，我们将使用getProgramAccounts或getParsedProgramAccounts API获取所有的质押账户。有关更多信息，请参考指南部分。

Press </> button to view full source

import {
  clusterApiUrl,
  Connection,
  Keypair,
  LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
  StakeProgram,
  Authorized,
  sendAndConfirmTransaction,
  Lockup,
} from "@solana/web3.js";

(async () => {
  // Setup our connection and wallet
  const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");
  const wallet = Keypair.generate();

  // Fund our wallet with 1 SOL
  const airdropSignature = await connection.requestAirdrop(
    wallet.publicKey,
    LAMPORTS_PER_SOL
  );
  await connection.confirmTransaction(airdropSignature);

  // Create a keypair for our stake account
  const stakeAccount = Keypair.generate();

  // Calculate how much we want to stake
  const minimumRent = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(
    StakeProgram.space
  );
  const amountUserWantsToStake = LAMPORTS_PER_SOL / 2; // This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL
  const amountToStake = minimumRent + amountUserWantsToStake;

  // Setup a transaction to create our stake account
  // Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s
  const createStakeAccountTx = StakeProgram.createAccount({
    authorized: new Authorized(wallet.publicKey, wallet.publicKey), // Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.
    fromPubkey: wallet.publicKey,
    lamports: amountToStake,
    lockup: new Lockup(0, 0, wallet.publicKey), // Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.
    stakePubkey: stakeAccount.publicKey,
  });

  const createStakeAccountTxId = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
    connection,
    createStakeAccountTx,
    [
      wallet,
      stakeAccount, // Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well
    ]
  );
  console.log(`Stake account created. Tx Id: ${createStakeAccountTxId}`);

  // Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.
  let stakeBalance = await connection.getBalance(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account balance: ${stakeBalance / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL`);

  // Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.
  let stakeStatus = await connection.getStakeActivation(stakeAccount.publicKey);
  console.log(`Stake account status: ${stakeStatus.state}`);

  // get stake amount for this wallet

  let totalStakeBalance = 0;

  // fetch all stake account for this wallet

  const allStakeAccounts = await connection.getParsedProgramAccounts(
    StakeProgram.programId,
    {
      filters: [
        {
          memcmp: {
            offset: 12, // number of bytes
            bytes: wallet.publicKey.toBase58(), // base58 encoded string
          },
        },
      ],
    }
  );

  console.log(`Stake accounts for wallet ${wallet.publicKey}: `);
  console.log(
    `Total number of stake account for ${wallet.publicKey} is: ${allStakeAccounts.length}`
  );

  if (allStakeAccounts.length)
    console.log(`Sample stake account:`, JSON.stringify(allStakeAccounts[0]));

  // calculating total stake amount

  for (const account of allStakeAccounts) {
    totalStakeBalance += account.account.lamports;
  }

  // total stake amount

  console.log(`Stake amount for this wallet in lamports: ${totalStakeBalance}`);
})();

let totalStakeBalance = 0;
// fetch all stake account for this wallet
const allStakeAccounts = await connection.getParsedProgramAccounts(
  StakeProgram.programId,
  {
    filters: [
      {
        memcmp: {
          offset: 12, // number of bytes
          bytes: wallet.publicKey.toBase58(), // base58 encoded string
        },
      },
    ],
  }
);
console.log(`Stake accounts for wallet ${wallet.publicKey}: `);
console.log(
  `Total number of stake account for ${wallet.publicKey} is: ${allStakeAccounts.length}`
);
if (allStakeAccounts.length)
  console.log(`Sample stake account:`, JSON.stringify(allStakeAccounts[0]));
// calculating total stake amount
for (const account of allStakeAccounts) {
  totalStakeBalance += account.account.lamports;
}
// total stake amount
console.log(`Stake amount for this wallet in lamports: ${totalStakeBalance}`);

# 质押

# 获取当前验证器

# 创建质押账户

# 委托质押

# 通过验证器获取委托人

# 停用质押

# 提取质押

# 获取质押金额

质押

获取当前验证器

创建质押账户

委托质押

通过验证器获取委托人

停用质押

提取质押

获取质押金额